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Reflecting on the decline of Zhang Feng’s learning from the heart’s income and expenditure problems—and the inner development and contemporary nature of wise science
Author: Li Kexin (Lanzhou Major)
Source: Original from “Wenya: Zhang Feng, Confucianism and the Construction of the Family”, edited by Zhou Jingyao, published by the Book Club in May 2016
Time: Confucius was the 2568th year of Dingyou and the 9th day of the sixth month of the sixth month
Jesus July 2, 2017
Zhang Yan (1133-1180 AD), whose courtesy name was Jingfu and also the courtesy name was Qifu. His name was Nanhua. His disciple was named Nanhua, the chief teacher of Teacher Nanhua, and is now from Zhuzhu, Sichuan. He lived outside Sichuan with his father since he was young, and later lived in Changsha, Hunan. He became one of the main representatives of the Hunan-Xiang school and one of the famous ologists of the Southern Song Dynasty. When he was 28 years old, he went to Hengshan to worship Hu Hong, the lord of Hunan and Hunan. He highly recommended it to Hu and gave it a good view. He studied the mind from Hu’s school, and felt that he inherited the two teachings of Cheng Luo. Later, he had to study with Zhu Xi, Zhu Xi, Zhejiang, and other famous scholars, and negotiated and developed each other, and suffered a lot of benefits. The three formed a three-dimensional academic center at once. But Zhang Zhen passed away at the age of fifty. His academic performance was unable to be further improved, nor did he receive a better inheritance. Huang Zongxi sighed: “The gate of Wufeng (Hu Hong) is bright and bright with the south.Baoqiang.comThere are so many people who travel to the south, but no one can pass on it.”[1]1635
1. There is inheritance but no pass on it
Of course, Zhang Xuexue’s failure to pass on it is complicated. On the one hand, of course, it has something to do with his premature death. Hunan and Hunan have lost their leads and even scattered; the more important reason is that it is afraid that it is also due to the natural transformation and reduction brought about by the development process within science. Although the Northern Song Dynasty had developed the format of “Five Sons”[i] and was officially established in the Second Cheng Zhexue, it seemed to reach Cen Ling and was almost mature. They have already possessed clear and complete scientific faces and verbal characteristics in the cosmic theory of science, metaphysical construction, the application of the main models of science, the summary of the basic subjects of science, and the pursuit of the Taoist realm. However, it should also be noted that in the inheritance of science, in addition to the errors caused by single inheritance, there are also many major problems that need to be solved within the founding science itself. Therefore, the Northern Song Dynasty’s essays were established and had large components, but the internal principles still need to be divided.In order to analyze doubts and confusions, the interpretation of classical and rationality can be integrated and unrestrained, and is indifferent to clarity. If many scholars in the late Ming Dynasty believed that the Song and Yuan dynasties could have reached the conclusion and fulfilled the subtlety of the logic, and should be dedicated to the realization of the rules, then we can also say that the science from the Northern Song Dynasty to the late Southern Song Dynasty. Their need to clarify the logic step by step is extremely urgent, and there is a need to continue to deepen and carefullycontract contracts. The prosperity of science is based on its theoretical inventiveness, and lacking this vitality will be difficult to inherit and extend.
The Hunan School as a direct inheritance of the two-Cheng Science, its influence is the main one. Especially Hu Hong, he showed outstanding thinking skills in the theory development of science and made outstanding contributions. Zhu Xi once praised him and said: “Five peaks are good at thinking”[2]2582. Represented by “Zhi Yan”, Hu Hong continued to discuss the theoretical problems and methods of theory, “Analysis of the essence of Tai Yang, sacrificing the end of the emperor and king, scattering things in one origin, and focusing on the past and present in one breath, referring to the bias of human desire to see the completeness of the laws of nature, that is, the physical and subtle ways to discover the wonder of sound and smell, so that the learners can experience the distance between the eyes and eyes, and create the profound and unrestrained. If they are used in their body, they can be carried out.” [3] 755-756 “Zhi Yan” is a comprehensive theoretical work, and both the “Zheng Meng” published by Zhang Xu are called by meticulous thoughts, which can be called the duality of theory. The book proposes many unique academic statements, which are a milestone in the course of science and greatly promote the maturity of science in the Southern Song Dynasty. It is precisely because the Hunan school was able to truly have a theoretical classic, and it can be said that Hunan school is an important foundation on Hu Hong’s thinking system.
Hu Hong’s thinking is a real ability of derivation of theory, but at the same time its reality also adds to the internal thinking of science, revealing the problem that science itself should carefully examine from the head, such as the problem of the use of the mind and nature, such as the problem of nature and badness, undeveloped problems, and the problem of kung fu orientation of personal experience and observation. Hu took over the philosophy of the Second Cheng and put forward his own rich and in-depth views, but the problem was not solved because of it. Instead, it was expanded and lightened by his reveal. This also indicates that the unscrupulous development of science is waiting to be paid attention to and fairly resolved. Only in this way can science have its practical foundation for its development and existence, and can it also stimulate the contemporary meaning of theoretical development. The decline of science doors is not solely based on traditional purity, especially in the 彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩彩�
Zhang Feng asHu Hong is the most important and most famous male actor of similar age. The other three are middle-aged men. The inheritor of influence is not just about protecting or observing Hu Hong’s views, nor is he suffering from Hu’s systematic thinking. Based on Hu Hong’s foundation, he traced the source of science, Cheng, Zhou (Dun), and Zhang (Read), and used the contents of “The Book of Two Chengs” and “Cheng’s Yishu” as important theoretical and practical guides, and even conducted detailed theoretical criticisms on Hu Hong’s “Zhi Yan” [iii]. Since Ercheng had already used the Four Books as the teaching books for students to learn with interest, Zhang Feng also worked hard on the Four Books, especially “Theory” and “Mencius”, who wrote “Theory of the Song” and “Mencius”, which became important works he passed down. So Zhang Xiao said that he constantly gained his own understanding of the science from his previous thinking and classical body, and decided on the organization of his ideas and the purpose and method of his actual concepts. The academic statement of any thinker is always a comprehensive process of time. As for Chinese philosophy, its progress requires “return to the capital” on the one hand, and “new” on the other hand. In addition to being a single tree, the vitality of a philosophical form is more essentially determined by the insightful and practical powerlessness of its theory.
Assessing Zhang Feng’s scientific thinking, due to the infinite data, it is especially a dissemination of ordinary science and load-based language records [iv], which can be a relatively large loss for us to truly and vividly feel the flexible, diverse and detailed discussions on the scientific problems between Zhang Feng and the door. Just looking at the existing data, especially the book answers and main prefaces with more direct contact and scientific questions, although the broadness of the questions discussed is, the details and depth are often improved, and the statements are not negligent, but they are more realistic and always have reversals. He did not have the master Hu Hong’s absolute thoughts in thinking, exploring and exploring the atmosphere of being a top-notch player, and he had no intention of achieving a scale and independent system. Therefore, although he “has a high level of understanding” [2]2604, and lacks the impression that he can form the great mindset of Cheng and Zhu scholars (including Hu Hong) in their body, it is not difficult for people to understand his unique thinking content.
Not only this, Zhang Feng’s modifications to Hu Hong’s viewpoint have even been severely criticized by some modern researchers. In his book “Mind and Nature”, Mou Zongsan knew that he learned and did not constitute a seal, but only attached it to Hu Hong and found it a harsh arg
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